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BULGARIAN MILITARY
Croatia’s armed forces are set to receive a significant boost with the acquisition of eight M142 HIMARS systems, following Washington’s approval on August 30. Valued at around $390 million, the package not only includes these mobile artillery units but also provides essential ammunition. Specifically, Croatia will gain 24 M30A2 GMLRS, 24 M31A2 GMLRS-HE, and two M1152 High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicles [HMMWVs].
The defense contractor Lockheed Martin will execute the order. Additionally, the program will see engagement from four US government representatives and four contractors traveling to Croatia for program management reviews. These visits, aimed at supporting equipment deployment and training, are anticipated to occur about twice a year, depending on the program’s needs.
Currently, the Croatian Armed Forces rely on the M-92 Vulkan Multiple Launch Rocket System [MLRS] as their principal artillery rocket system. Developed domestically in the 1990s, the M-92 Vulkan is an upgraded adaptation of the Soviet BM-21 Grad platform, tailored to fulfill Croatia’s specific defense requirements. Despite its age, it remains a vital asset in their military arsenal today.
The M-92 Vulkan can launch 122mm rockets, delivering a high volume of fire over broad areas. This makes it effective for suppressing enemy positions and providing indirect fire support. While robust and reliable, the M-92 is considered a bit outdated compared to modern artillery systems. This is why Croatia is exploring options like HIMARS to eventually replace or supplement the Vulkan. Despite its age, the M-92 Vulkan remains a crucial part of Croatia’s artillery, offering rapid and flexible firepower on the battlefield.
Acquiring the M142 HIMARS would mark a significant upgrade for the Croatian Army compared to their current M-92 Vulkan rocket artillery system. While the M-92 Vulkan is effective for high-volume, short to medium-range rocket fire, HIMARS promises much greater range and precision.
The M142 HIMARS is a game-changer. It can deploy advanced munitions like the Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System [GMLRS] with pinpoint accuracy up to 80 kilometers, and the Army Tactical Missile System [ATACMS] for strikes as far as 300 kilometers. This precision and extended reach allow HIMARS to target high-value assets deep within enemy lines, offering capabilities far exceeding those of the M-92.
Moreover, the modern targeting systems and exceptional mobility of HIMARS make it possible to deploy and redeploy quickly. It can strike fast and avoid counter-battery fire, something the older M-92 Vulkan just can’t match. Incorporating such modernization would significantly boost Croatia’s precision strike capabilities, elevating its overall deterrence and defense posture.
The M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System [HIMARS] stands out on the battlefield with its versatility and mobility. Designed by Lockheed Martin for the U.S. military, HIMARS offers rapid and precise long-range fire support. It’s become a crucial element in modern military operations due to its unmatched agility, precision, and striking power.
The system mounts on a versatile Army Medium Tactical Vehicle [FMTV] chassis, specifically the M1140 truck. This design provides high mobility and enables operations across diverse terrains. HIMARS can be air-transported by a C-130 aircraft, ensuring its deployment in various combat scenarios, from rapid responses to large-scale conflicts.
When it comes to dimensions, the M142 HIMARS system is relatively compact compared to other artillery systems. It measures about 7 meters [23 feet] in length, 2.4 meters [8 feet] in width, and 3.2 meters [10.5 feet] in height when fully assembled. Weighing approximately 16.2 tons, it maintains high mobility while carrying a full load of rockets.
The launcher features a fire control system that supports both manual and automated targeting, ensuring high accuracy in varied operational conditions. HIMARS is also capable of firing the Precision Strike Missile [PrSM], which significantly extends its range and precision capabilities.
The M142 HIMARS control systems feature a sophisticated fire control computer and a secure digital communication suite. This technology allows the system to receive targeting data quickly and adjust fire missions in real-time. HIMARS’ integration with broader military networks ensures seamless operation with other battlefield units. Its sensors, including GPS-based navigation and targeting systems, guarantee the precision necessary for accurate strikes.
In response to the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, multiple countries have fast-tracked their acquisition of the M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System [HIMARS]. This move is part of a larger strategy to strengthen their defense capabilities amid the escalating security concerns in Europe.
Poland has become a significant new operator, ordering 500 HIMARS units in 2023—the largest single acquisition of the system to date. The three Baltic states, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, have also taken steps to reinforce their defenses, each securing an initial batch of 6 to 8 HIMARS systems.
Romania, already an established HIMARS operator before the conflict, has bolstered its defense with an order for 18 more units. Similarly, Finland, which has consistently maintained a strong defense due to its proximity to Russia, confirmed the purchase of 40 HIMARS units in 2023.
These acquisitions underscore a noticeable shift in defense strategies across Europe, as nations prepare to address potential threats in light of the ongoing conflict.